Many popes have been patrons of the arts. One of the most important, active and influential of these popes was Julius II, whose papacy lasted from 1503-1513, during the High Renaissance period of history. He commissioned the Sistine Chapel, for example, including the famous artwork of its ceiling, painted by Michelangelo.
It is widely known that Michelangelo's work on the Sistine Chapel was a true masterpiece. What's not so well known, however, is his feelings about it. He accepted the commission from Julius II, but he resented it because he felt the only reason Julius II wanted it done was for his own glory. Michelangelo would agree with the critics that insist that Julius II's motives for the great works of art and great architecture were purely selfish.
These critics hold that the purpose of Julius II's patronage, which was considerable, was to impose his own aspirations. They say that the Pope had a grandiose self-image, and wanted to ensure his legacy. He wanted to leave a permanent mark on the Catholic Church. He wished to extend his influence and ensure the role of future popes. Julius II is often criticized for his desire for glory and his need to be remembered for all time.
His patronage did exactly that, that's for certain. He may not be remembered as one of the greatest popes in history, but he is remembered for his contribution to art during the Renaissance. The Sistine Chapel was the least of his accomplishments. He commissioned several other building projects in Vatican City, including rebuilding the largest Cathedral in the world, St. Peter's Basilica. He also commissioned Michelangelo to head up the construction of the Cortile del Belvedere and Julius' Tomb, also in the Vatican. Julius also commissioned another great artist, Raphael, to paint his portrait not once, but twice. Many of these projects weren't completed until after the Pope's death in 1513.
It is certain that Julius II wanted to display his and the Church's great wealth. He wanted to inspire the masses, and to win them over with grand and majestic marvels. He wanted them to react to the great works of art he commissioned with awe, reverence, and even fear. He wanted to be like Caesar, and many point to the name he choose as Pope as evidence of that. His building up of the Pope's resident city, the Vatican, was a way to prove his piety (which many suspected) in the eyes of the Church and the people.
Regardless of Julius II's motivations for his patronage, it is certain that he assisted in the creation of some great works of arts, pieces that perhaps might never have existed if it weren't for him. It's important to remember that the early sixteenth century was a very different time. Art was created not only for aesthetic reasons, but to convey a powerful message. The art Julius II commissioned certainly did that.
Source : ezinearticles
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